摘要: |
随着社会与组织环境日益复杂多变,创业情境的不确定性剧增。面对混合型组织存在的经济与社会双元目标的持续张力,社会创业者自身的身份认同模式不再停留于线性的、双元的、单向的关系,而是更为复杂、多元和混沌的多重身份“纠结”状态。本文采用扎根理论研究方法,基于44位社会创业者的访谈与交流、自我表述、社交媒体分享等数据,通过他们对社会创业过程的“自我叙述”,识别出社会创业者的3种多元身份,即个人身份、角色身份、组织—社会身份,以及生产型、孕育型、种植型和共生型4种多元身份建构模式及其心理机制,并进一步发现了不同心理机制下创业者平衡自我身份建构需求与组织合法性追求的多元身份整合结构。本文基于社会创业者多元身份视角探索性地解构了社会创业者所面临的多元身份管理挑战,从社会心理学的视角探索了社会企业家的创业过程,为政府及相关机构设计社会企业家支持系统提供了新的视角,并有助于指导社会企业家的心理调节和关怀。 |
关键词: 社会创业者 混合型组织 多元身份建构 扎根理论 |
DOI:10.13581/j.cnki.rdm.20210626 |
分类号:F270 |
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目“社会企业使命漂移机制研究:基于制度复杂性的视角”(72072188),“绿色创业生态系统的技术助推与社会创新机制研究”(71972014)。 |
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Psychological Mechanism of Social Entrepreneurs’ Multiple Identity Construction |
ZHANG Wei1, LIU Ting-ting2, YIN Jue-lin3, LI Hua-jing4
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1.School of Management, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China;2.School of Management, Shanghai University of International Business and Economics, Shanghai 201620, China;3.School of Management, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China;4.School of Economics and Management, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
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Abstract: |
With the increasingly complex and changeable social and organizational environment, the uncertainty of entrepreneurial situation has increased dramatically. In the face of the continuous tension of the dual goals of economy and society existing in the mixed organization, the identity mode of social entrepreneurs themselves no longer stays in a linear, dual and one-way relationship, but a more complex, pluralistic and chaotic “tangled” state of multiple identities. Based on the interview and communication, self-expression, social media sharing and other data of 44 social entrepreneurs, and through their “self-description” of the social entrepreneurship process, it used the grounded theory research method to identify three kinds of multiple identities of social entrepreneurs, namely, personal identity, role identity and organization-social identity, as well as four kinds of multiple identity construction models and their psychological mechanisms including producing type, breeding type, planting type and symbiosis type. Furthermore, the results show that entrepreneurs under different psychological mechanisms balance the needs of self-identity construction and the pursuit of organizational legitimacy. It explores the entrepreneurial process of social entrepreneurs from the perspective of social psychology, provides a new perspective for the government and the related institutions to design the support system for social entrepreneurs, and helped guide the psychological adjustment and care of social entrepreneurs. |
Key words: social entrepreneur hybrid organization multiple identities construction grounded theory |