Developing the digital economy is an important support for achieving common prosperity. Based on the measurement of four-level common prosperity from regional， urban-rural， industrial and stratum dimensions using the coupled coordination degree model， and the quantification of digital economy level through the indicator system， it examined the five mechanisms of the digital economy’s impact on common prosperity at different levels， and further explored the spatial effects of the digital economy on common prosperity through the matrices of geographic， economic and technological proximity. The results are as following. Digital economy can affect common prosperity at multiple levels through the consumption upgrading effect， the scale economy effect and the industrial restructuring effect， but the technological innovation effect and the industrial integration effect only exist at a single level of common prosperity. In terms of geographic proximity matrix， digital economy has a spatial impact the common prosperity at the regional level and presents a siphoning effect on other regions. In terms of economic proximity matrix， digital economy has a spatial impact on the common prosperity at regional， urban-rural， and industrial levels and presents a diffusion effect on other regions. In terms of technological proximity matrix， digital economy has no spatial effect. It provides an empirical test for sorting out the different influential mechanisms of digital economy on common prosperity at various levels， and provides a basis for exerting the spatial effect of digital economy on common prosperity from the perspective of different proximity matrices.